Space
Our heat balance studies have led us into research focusing on the design and control optimization of microclimate liquid cooling systems worn underneath protective clothing. Variations of these systems are now fairly common in a variety of occupational, medical, and athletic settings including mining, metal/ceramic/glass industries, neurosurgery, multiple sclerosis treatment, art, automobile racing, and during warm-ups prior to athletic competitions. Moreover, these systems are used in aviation, military operations, and are an inherent component of all extravehicular activity suits worn by astronauts. Our studies in this field have been funded by the Canadian Space Agency and aimed at improving the design and efficiency of microclimate liquid cooling systems used by astronauts.